Optimasi Transesterifikasi Minyak Nyamplung dengan Katalis Heterogen: Studi Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Reaksi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51804/mmej.v7i1.16669Keywords:
Biodiesel, Katalis Heterogen, Minyak Nyamplung, Spektroskopi GC-MS, TransesterifikasiAbstract
Penggunaan bahan bakar fosil secara global telah menyebabkan masalah lingkungan dan ekonomi. Biodiesel sebagai sumber energi terbarukan tampak menjanjikan. Tanaman Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) memiliki kandungan minyak yang tinggi dan dapat tumbuh subur di tanah yang tandus, sehingga menjadi sumber biodiesel yang menjanjikan. Penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana perubahan suhu dan durasi reaksi mempengaruhi efisiensi transesterifikasi minyak Nyamplung berbasis katalis heterogen. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan cara untuk mengoptimalkan transesterifikasi dan meningkatkan produksi biodiesel. Biji nyamplung diekstraksi dengan pelarut untuk diambil minyaknya. Katalis heterogen digunakan untuk transesterifikasi pada suhu 60°C, 70°C, dan 80°C dengan waktu reaksi 30-90 menit. GC-MS standar ASTM dan uji karakteristik fisikokimia digunakan untuk menilai produksi dan kualitas biodiesel. Efisiensi transesterifikasi secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan lama reaksi. Hasil biodiesel terbaik adalah 85% pada suhu 70°C selama 60 menit. Meningkatkan suhu di atas 70°C atau periode reaksi lebih dari 60 menit tidak meningkatkan hasil biodiesel dan bahkan dapat menurunkannya. Mengoptimalkan lama reaksi dan suhu dapat meningkatkan efisiensi transesterifikasi minyak nyamplung dengan menggunakan katalis heterogen. Penelitian ini menawarkan landasan ilmiah yang kuat untuk mengembangkan metode pembuatan biodiesel minyak Nyamplung yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan upaya dunia untuk menemukan sumber energi terbarukan.
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